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Planning guide · City of London

Barbican and Smithfield: heritage consent in the City

Twenty-seven conservation areas cover one square mile. What that changes about altering a building here, how a Heritage Statement gets read, and why the determination timetable behaves unlike anywhere else in London.

Quick answer

Borough
City of London
Planning authority
City of London Corporation
Article 4 in force
Yes
Conservation areas
27
Statutory determination
8 weeks
Our approval rate
98% first time

Victorian terraced street in London — planning drawings in City Of London

How much of the City of London is a conservation area?

28 designations covering about 136 hectares of a 290-hectare authority — close to half the Square Mile — alongside 616 listed buildings. The City decided 1,352 applications in three years and approved 97.3%, but only five were householder applications. It agreed an extension of time on 76.0% of applications.

MeasureCity of LondonLondon
Conservation areas281,141
Area covered136 hectares
Listed buildings in the register616
All applications decided1,352163,144
Approval rate, all applications97.3%
Householder applications decided577,680
Applications with an agreed extension of time76.0%34.5%

Sources: registers from the MHCLG Planning Data Platform, retrieved 1 September 2026, with hectares computed from the published boundaries; decision figures from MHCLG PS1 and PS2, twelve quarters to March 2026. No householder approval rate is published for the City and none is quoted here: the statutory return suppresses a rate below thirty decisions.

Where are the City of London’s conservation areas on a map?

The outlines below are the designated boundaries themselves, held in the national register, not an impression of where the historic streets run. Enter a postcode and the check happens on your device against those shapes. Read the edges loosely. The polygons are generalised for drawing, and in a place where two designations can face each other across one alley, a building sitting on a line needs confirming against the Corporation’s own boundary map before anyone relies on it.

In the Square Mile, being inside a conservation area is closer to the default than the exception. The designations here total 135.8 hectares, packed around the commercial core: Bank is the largest of them at 24.2 hectares, while Laurence Poutney Hill covers 0.4 — a lane and the buildings either side of it. What is genuinely useful is that every area in the register carries a Corporation document. Each one is linked to a City of London page for that area, and the character appraisal reached from it is the text a conservation officer will quote back at you when your scheme is assessed — worth reading before the drawings start rather than after the first set of comments. The gap is Article 4. The Corporation has not published its directions to the national register, so none are drawn on this map. That is an absence in the register, not evidence that none exist — sixteen London authorities have filed nothing under that dataset — and permitted development rights should be checked with the Corporation directly.

Mapped from two planning.data.gov.uk registers — conservation-area and article-4-direction-area — as they stood on 15 August 2026, with a second read on 1 September 2026. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0

In detail

Answers for City of London

How many conservation areas does City of London have?

City of London has 27 designated conservation areas, including Barbican, Smithfield, Fleet Street, Whitefriars, St Paul's.

What changes need planning in a City of London conservation area?

Any external alteration visible from a public space typically requires full planning permission inside a conservation area: roof additions, dormers, replacement windows, rendering, hardstanding, and demolition. Internal works generally do not, unless the property is also listed.

Do I need a Heritage Statement in City of London?

Yes, and in the City it is the document that decides the case. Every application inside a designated area needs a Heritage Statement engaging with the character appraisal, naming the heritage assets affected, and setting out how the scheme preserves or enhances them. Expect that assessment to take time. Of the 1,352 applications decided here between April 2023 and March 2026, 1,027 ran on an agreed extension of time. At 76.0% that is more than double the London-wide share of 34.5% (MHCLG planning statistics, retrieved 1 September 2026). We prepare the statement with the drawings rather than after them.

Can I have a roof extension or mansard in a City of London conservation area?

The London pattern is that a rear mansard or dormer can be consented inside a designated area when it follows the roofscape already there. Hackney, Islington, Southwark, Lambeth and Tower Hamlets consent them regularly; a front-facing dormer almost never survives anywhere. The City has very little of the terraced housing that argument belongs to. Here the equivalent fight is over plant enclosures, lift overruns and rooftop additions read against protected views.

How long does conservation area approval take in City of London?

A householder determination has an eight-week statutory period attached to it, though in the City that is rarely the period which actually runs. Three quarters of applications carry an agreed extension of time, and conservation officer consultation sits on top. From validation, 11 to 14 weeks is the realistic expectation. The practical implication is that time gets negotiated instead of a refusal being issued: the Corporation granted 482 of 491 minor decisions and 448 of 452 listed building consents over those same twelve quarters (MHCLG planning statistics, retrieved 1 September 2026).

Related guides for City of London
A printed planning application drawing set — proposed elevations, floor plans and the os location plan with the site outlined in red — conservation area planning in City of London
The planning set that goes to the council through the Planning Portal: proposed elevations, plans, and the OS location plan with your site outlined.
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Which postcode districts around City of London do we cover for conservation area application work?

The City postcode districts on our books, the buildings that fill them, and who validates a conservation area application arriving from each address. Pound amounts are 2026 statutory England planning fees and nothing more than that.

PostcodeAreaDominant stockWhat it means for a conservation area application
EC1ASmithfieldMostly commercial, residential loftsA conservation area application at an EC1A address in Smithfield is determined by City of London Corporation under its own Local Plan policies for Smithfield.
EC2YBarbicanListed Brutalist apartments (Barbican Estate)EC2Y is the Barbican and nothing else. The Corporation determines it, and the estate's own listed status shapes very nearly every proposal made there.
EC3NTower Hill / AldgateVery limited residential — Barbican Estate (listed post-war)A conservation area application at an EC3N address in Tower Hill / Aldgate is determined by City of London Corporation under its own Local Plan policies for Tower Hill / Aldgate.
EC4MSt Paul'sMostly commercial, listed residentialSt Paul's sits wholly inside EC4M, so City of London Corporation validates every conservation area application submitted from an EC4M address.
EC4VBlackfriarsVery limited residential — Barbican Estate (listed post-war)Blackfriars sits wholly inside EC4V, so City of London Corporation validates every conservation area application submitted from an EC4V address.
EC4YTempleVery limited residential — Barbican Estate (listed post-war)Temple occupies EC4Y. The Corporation validates applications from the district, where the historic legal buildings govern what can be altered at all.
EC2AShoreditchWarehouse conversions, modern infillEC2A is split at Shoreditch between Hackney and the Corporation, so the plot has to be checked on both policies maps before anything is submitted.

How does a conservation area application differ street by street across City of London?

Roof form, wall construction and plot depth can change within a single City street, and inside a designated area they set the limits of what a scheme is even able to propose.

What local planning policy applies to a conservation area application in City of London?

27 conservation areas are run by the City of London Corporation. Smithfield, Fleet Street and Whitefriars come up most in the work we are asked to do. Inside a designation, permitted development falls away. The route becomes a householder application at £548 decided over eight weeks; the same work outside one could have gone in at £249 as a prior approval, decided over six. Householder volume is tiny here in any case: just 5 householder applications were decided across the whole of April 2023 to March 2026, far too few to draw any rate from. In Whitefriars the street elevation is what an officer looks at first.

What Article 4 removes near City of London: Multiple Article 4 Directions around office-to-residential, demolition, and shopfront changes. Before pricing a conservation area application we check whether the EC1A address is inside the mapped area, because City of London Corporation draws the City of London boundary street by street rather than across the whole of City of London.

What City of London is built from: Very limited residential — Barbican Estate (listed post-war), Golden Lane Estate, modern luxury flats; overwhelmingly commercial. Overwhelmingly commercial; residential planning extremely constrained; one of the two highest listed-building densities in London. That mix decides the conservation area application route in City of London more than the postcode does.

Which neighbouring authorities border City of London?

Sources for this City of London conservation area application page: borough policies maps and conservation-area registers (2025–26), Royal Mail postcode district boundaries, the Town and Country Planning (Fees for Applications) (England) Regulations, the Town and Country Planning (General Permitted Development) (England) Order 2015 as amended, and the Party Wall etc. Act 1996.

Conservation area planning in City of London — a measured survey being recorded on site
A measured survey being recorded on site — conservation area planning in City of London.

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